1-d tire apparatus

ABSTRACT

Disclosed is a tire mountable apparatus and methodology for mounting devices within a tire. In certain embodiments a signal generator may be mounted to the tire to generate signals based on changes in the radius of curvature of a tire. A piezoelectric sandwich and/or a substrate is/are provided having a length and width based at least in part on tire dimensions and positioned in the tire such that the longer length dimension is positioned laterally with respect to the width of the tire. The sandwich and/or substrate is/are sized such that the width dimension provides substantially no response to changes in the circumferential radius of curvature of the tire so that the length dimension defines the primary bending direction while the width dimension provides a strain free mount for associated devices.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present subject matter relates to tire apparatus. In particular, thepresent subject matter relates to apparatus having length and widthdimensions related to physical aspects associated with tires in which itmay be mounted for providing enhanced endurance of the tire apparatus.The present subject matter also relates to the use of such tireapparatus or structures to obtain enhanced operational and endurancecharacteristics for devices supported by such structures.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The incorporation of electronic devices with tire structures has beenshown to yield many practical advantages. Tire electronics may providetheir own power source whose operation depends on tire related phenomenaand may also include sensors and other components for obtaininginformation regarding various physical parameters of a tire, such astemperature, pressure, number of tire revolutions, tire rotation speed,etc. Such information may be useful in tire monitoring and warningsystems, and may even be employed with feedback systems to monitorproper tire pressure levels.

United States Published Patent Application 2003/0209063 (Adamson et al.)is directed to a system and method for generating electric power from arotating tire's mechanical energy using piezoelectric fiber composites.

United States Published Patent Application 2003/0056351 (Wilkie et al.)is directed to a piezoelectric micro-fiber composite actuator and amethod for making the same.

U.S. Pat. No. 6,093,997 (Zimnicki et al.) is directed to a piezoelectricresonator embedded within an electrically insulating substrate assembly,such as a multilayer printed circuit board.

U.S. Pat. No. 5,747,916 (Sugimoto et al.) is directed to a piezoelectrictransformer unit which transforms an input voltage into an outputvoltage and which includes a piezoelectric transformer element driven byhigh electric power.

The disclosures of all of the foregoing United States patent andpublished patent applications are hereby fully incorporated into thisapplication for all purposes by reference thereto. While variousimplementations of piezoelectric generators have been developed, andwhile various combinations of tire characteristic monitoring deviceshave been implemented, no design has emerged that generally encompassesall of the desired characteristics as hereafter presented in accordancewith the subject technology.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the recognized features encountered in the prior art andaddressed by the present subject matter, an improved tire mountableapparatus and methodology for providing enhanced endurance for tirepatches and associated supported devices and structures from faultsbased on monotonic changes in the transverse radius of curvature of atire has been provided.

In one particular embodiment a tire mountable apparatus comprises asubstrate having a first surface and a second surface and a pair ofterminal/support elements extending from said first surface. The firstsurface has length L and width W, where L>2 W, and W<the length of arcsubtended along the inner surface of a tire corresponding to 5° ofrotation measured from a line extending from the center of rotation tothe inner surface of an unloaded tire inflated at rated pressure. Thepair of terminals extends from the first surface in a line perpendicularto a line in the direction of the length L, and the line perpendicularto the direction of length L identifies the direction of rotation of asupporting tire.

In a particular embodiment, an elastomeric patch having a first surfaceand a second surface separated by a mesa is provided and the said secondsurface of the substrate is adhered to the first surface of theelastomeric patch. In a more specific embodiment the mesa has a heightH, where 0<H≦5 mm, and L>W>H.

In another embodiment, a layer of piezoelectric material having a topsurface and a bottom surface is provided with a first conductive layercovering the top surface and a second conductive layer covering thebottom surface. The piezoelectric layer, the first and second conductivelayers, and the substrate form a sandwich structure, and the sandwichstructure is secured to the first surface of the elastomeric substrate.In particular more particular embodiments the substrate is FR4 and thepiezoelectric material is lead zirconium titanate (PZT).

In yet a further embodiment, the present subject matter may correspondto a method for reducing strain in a tire mounted assembly comprisingproviding a substrate having a first surface and a second surface, wherethe substrate has length L and width W. More particularly, L is greaterthan 2 W, and W is less than the length of arc subtended along the innersurface of a tire corresponding to 5° of rotation measured from a lineextending from the center of rotation to the inner surface of anunloaded tire inflated at rated pressure. A pair of terminal/supportelements are extended from the first surface and positioned in a lineperpendicular to a line in the direction of the length L. The substrateis mounted in a tire so that the line perpendicular to the direction ofthe length L is aligned substantially in the direction of rotation ofthe tire so that strain on the tire mounted assembly is effectivelylimited to one direction.

In yet still a further embodiment, a method is provided that correspondsto securing the substrate laterally in the central portion of the tiresummit. In still further embodiments a piezoelectric device having apiezoelectric layer sandwiched between first and second conductivelayers with one of said first and second conductive layers supported bysaid substrate layer may be provided. In alternative embodiments aprinted circuit board may be mounted to the pair of terminal/supportelements whereby strain between the pair of terminal/support elementsand the printed circuit board is minimized.

Additional objects and advantages of the present subject matter are setforth in, or will be apparent to, those of ordinary skill in the artfrom the detailed description herein. Also, it should be furtherappreciated that modifications and variations to the specificallyillustrated, referred and discussed features and elements hereof may bepracticed in various embodiments and uses of the invention withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the subject matter. Variationsmay include, but are not limited to, substitution of equivalent means,features, or steps for those illustrated, referenced, or discussed, andthe functional, operational, or positional reversal of various parts,features, steps, or the like.

Still further, it is to be understood that different embodiments, aswell as different presently preferred embodiments, of the presentsubject matter may include various combinations or configurations ofpresently disclosed features, steps, or elements, or their equivalents(including combinations of features, parts, or steps or configurationsthereof not expressly shown in the figures or stated in the detaileddescription of such figures). Additional embodiments of the presentsubject matter, not necessarily expressed in the summarized section, mayinclude and incorporate various combinations of aspects of features,components, or steps referenced in the summarized objects above, and/orother features, components, or steps as otherwise discussed in thisapplication. Those of ordinary skill in the art will better appreciatethe features and aspects of such embodiments, and others, upon review ofthe remainder of the specification.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

A full and enabling disclosure of the present invention, including thebest mode thereof, directed to one of ordinary skill in the art, is setforth in the specification, which makes reference to the appendedfigures, in which:

FIG. 1 diagrammatically illustrates a 1-D tire mountable apparatusconstructed in accordance with present technology;

FIG. 2 diagrammatically illustrates the sandwich construction of apiezoelectric generator as may be associated with a 1-D tire mountableapparatus constructed in accordance with present technology;

FIG. 3 representatively illustrates, in overlay, representations forcomparison of transverse profiles at top of rotation and center ofcontact patch of a representative tire in which the present technologymay be employed;

FIG. 4 representatively illustrates variations in the radius ofcurvature of an exemplary tire in which the present technology may beemployed;

FIG. 5 generally represents an exemplary tire and illustrates themounting position and orientation of the 1-D tire mountable apparatustherein;

FIG. 6 generally represents a cross-section of an unloaded tire inflatedat rated pressure useful in explaining the selection of the widthdimension of a substrate in accordance with present technology; and

FIG. 7 graphically illustrates the relationship between the mesa heightof an elastomeric patch usable with the tire mountable apparatus of thepresent technology and the width of a substrate selected in accordancewith present technology expressed in degrees.

Repeat use of reference characters throughout the present specificationand appended drawings is intended to represent same or analogousfeatures or elements of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

As discussed in the Summary of the Invention section, the presentsubject matter is particularly concerned with a 1-D tire mountableapparatus having a length and width related to certain aspects of thetires in which the apparatus may be mounted. It should be appreciated inthe following discussion that the term “1-D” is primarily intended torepresent that the tire mountable apparatus of the present technology isso designated, not because it actually has only one dimension, butrather to emphasize the fact that the width dimension is significantlyless than the length dimension for reasons that will be more fullyexplained later. Of course also, the apparatus does have a height as thedevice is actually a three-dimension object, but such height also,relative to the length is significantly less.

Further, it should be appreciated that, as employed later herein withrespect to certain embodiments of the present technology, the term“generator” is meant to convey that flexure of a piezoelectric device asmay be associated with the present subject matter will produce an outputvoltage across output terminals provided on the device. Further still,as the piezoelectric device associated with the present technology maybe employed as a sensor as well as a generator either separately orconcurrently, the terms generator and sensor may be used hereinafterinterchangeably.

Selected combinations of aspects of the disclosed technology correspondto a plurality of different embodiments of the present invention. Itshould be noted that each of the exemplary embodiments presented anddiscussed herein should not insinuate limitations of the present subjectmatter. Features or steps illustrated or described as part of oneembodiment may be used in combination with aspects of another embodimentto yield yet further embodiments. Additionally, certain features may beinterchanged with similar devices or features not expressly mentionedwhich perform the same or similar function.

Reference will now be made in detail to the presently preferredembodiments of the subject 1-D tire mountable apparatus and methodology.Referring now to the drawings, FIG. 1 diagrammatically illustrates 1-Dtire mountable apparatus 100 constructed in accordance with presenttechnology. As may be seen from FIG. 1, 1-D tire mountable apparatus100, of course, actually has three dimensions. In particular, asubstrate portion of apparatus 100 which may be configured as a sandwichstructure 102 is constructed as indicated in FIG. 1 as having a length Land width W. Further, the width dimension W is significantly less thanthe length L In preferred embodiments, L is at least twice W.

Also illustrated as an optional portion of tire mountable apparatus 100is an elastomeric patch 108 that has a top surface 114 and a lowersurface 104 separated by a mesa 106 having a height H. In accordancewith present technology the height H is less than either the width W orlength L.

With brief reference to FIG. 4, those of ordinary skill in the art willappreciate that a tire operating under rated pressure and rated loadwill have a profile similar to that illustrated in FIG. 4. This profileincludes a generally flat area normally described as the contact patchwith curved portions on either side of the contact patch. Further, thereare transition areas immediately preceding and following the contactpatch where the radius of curvature of a tire operating under ratedpressure and rated load changes from a substantially constant radius toa generally flat or infinite radius. As will be explained furtherhereinafter, the width W of tire mountable apparatus 100 is selected tofall within these transition areas. More particularly, the width W isselected to fall within a somewhat narrower width as will be more fullyexplained later with respect to FIG. 6.

As will be explained further later, the device of the present technologyis referred to herein as a “1-D” device base generally on the conceptthat the present technology has provided a device that, when including apiezoelectric device, is generally limited to generation of an outputsignal as a result of strain applied principally from only onedimension, i.e., the relatively longer length dimension of the device.Conversely, the width W being significantly less that the length Lsubstantially eliminates any bending and, consequently, signalproduction based on minimal or no bending in the W dimension. Further,when employed as a support structure for printed circuit board mountedelectronics, the 1-D tire mountable apparatus provides a substantiallystrain free mounting arrangement for such printed circuit boards. Theseconcepts will be more fully explained with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4herein after.

With further reference to FIG. 1, it will be seen that 1-D tiremountable apparatus 100 corresponds, in one embodiment, to an optionalelastomeric patch having a substrate that may correspond to a sandwichstructure 102. Sandwich structure 102, in an exemplary embodiment maycorrespond to a layer of piezoelectric material, conductive layers andat least one support layer as will be explained more fully with respectto FIG. 2 that may function as a sensor or voltage generators.

A substrate in accordance with present technology, possibly in the formof sandwich structure 102, may be supported on an optional layer ofelastomeric material 108 to form a patch that may be secured to theinner liner of a tire using standard tire patch repair methodologies.Elastomeric material 108 may be formed as a base portion 104 and acentrally located raised mesa portion 106 having a top surface 114 onwhich sandwich structure 102 may be secured. In general, the elastomericmaterial may correspond to a material composition normally employed as asidewall material in the construction of pneumatic tires. As those ofordinary skill in the art will appreciate, such material are generallyoxidation resistant compounds.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present subject matter, a tire patchassembly may be produced by coating an adhesive on a portion of sandwichstructure 102, placing the structure in a specially designed moldconfigured to accommodate sandwich structure 102, filling the remainderof the mold with an elastomeric material and curing the patch. A patchso formed may then be secured to the inner liner of a tire usingstandard tire patch repair methods. In an exemplary configuration, theadhesive may be Chemlok® available from LORD Corporation and theelastomeric material may correspond to rubber.

In accordance with another exemplary embodiment of the present subjectmatter, it is possible to secure sandwich structure 102 directly to theinner liner of a tire using Chemlok® alone without the intermediary useof the elastomeric material. It should also be appreciated that a tiremountable apparatus constructed in accordance with present technologymay be similarly mounted to a non-pneumatic tire and wheel combinationknown as a Tweel®, manufactured by the owner of the present technology.

With brief reference now to FIG. 2, there is illustrated an exemplarysandwich structure 200, corresponding to sandwich structure 102 ofFIG. 1. Sandwich structure 200 corresponds to a layer of piezoelectricmaterial 202 with a first layer of conductive material 204 on one sidethereof and a second layer of conductive material 204′ on a second sidethere of. The first layer of conductive material 204 is secured to alayer of insulating material 206 that acts as a supporting substrate forthe sandwich structure 200. In exemplary embodiments of the presentsubject matter, piezoelectric material 202 may correspond to leadzirconium titanate (PZT), conductive materials 204, 204′ may comprisecopper layers, and insulating material 206 may correspond to a fireresistant substrate material commonly called FR4.

In another exemplary embodiment of the present subject matter, anoptional second layer of insulating material 206′ may be secured toconductive layer 204′. Such a second layer of insulating material, ifprovided, may also correspond to FR4.

With further reference to FIG. 1, a pair of connection/support terminals110, 112 is positioned along line 132 and on either side of central line134. Terminal 110 may be electrically coupled to conductive layer 204while terminal 112 may be electrically coupled to conductive layer 204′.It should be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that theconnection/support terminal configurations described are exemplary onlyas other configurations are possible and are also contemplated by thepresent technology. For example, while the present disclosure generallyillustrates a sandwich structure 102 substantially completely coveringand even, optionally, partially overhanging the top surface 114 of patch108, such are not specific limitations of the present technology assandwich structure 102 may actually be sub-divided into two or moreportions. Further, while a pair of connection/support terminals 110, 112are illustrated, there may be provided additional suchconnection/support terminals positioned along a common line withconnection/support terminals 110, 112 or along parallel lines asillustrated at 110′, 112′ and 110″, 112″. Further still, in embodimentswhere sandwich structure 102 may be sub-divided into two or moreportions, such portions may be electrically connected in parallel by wayof connection/support terminals 110, 112 or in other electricalconfigurations as desired including serially or individually byproviding additional connection/support terminals.

A significant aspect of the present disclosure is that theterminal/support pair 110, 112 is positioned along line 132, or, moregenerally, along a line perpendicular to line 134, where line 134 isalong the primary bending direction 130 of the 1-D tire mountableapparatus 100. In accordance with present technology, lines 132 and 134may vary from true perpendicular (i.e. 90°) alignment by ±10, ±5, or ±2degrees, with some loss in benefit. As will be made clear later, line132 may be said to identify the direction of rotation of a tire in whicha tire mountable apparatus constructed in accordance with the presenttechnology is to be mounted. In general, because the primary bendingdirection 130 is along central line 134, line 132 and hence the mountingposition for terminal/support pair 110, 112 may be positioned anywherealong line 134, however the preferred position is generally at a morecentral location as illustrated.

As will be explained further later, when 1-D tire mountable apparatus100 is positioned in a tire in accordance with present technology, aprimary bending direction as illustrated by double-arrowed line 130 isestablished due to the positioning of the 1-D tire mountable apparatus100 in the tire as well as the length L and width W of the 1-D tiremountable apparatus 100.

With bending limited to along this one dimension, i.e. the 1-Ddirection, strain at and between connections to devices mounted toconnection/support terminals 110, 112 and alternately or in additionconnection/support terminals 110′, 112′ and 110″, 112″, is minimized dueto their perpendicular alignment to the primary strain direction, i.e.the 1-D orthogonal connection line 132. If, for example, on the otherhand, connection/support terminals 110, 112 were to be positioned alongline 134, the primary bending line, separation distances betweenconnection/support terminals 110, 112 would change with any bendingalong line 134. Such would place a significant strain on any device orprinted circuit board 136 (illustrated in phantom in FIG. 1) andalternately or in addition circuit boards 136′, 136″ as may be mountedto connection/support terminals 110, 112 and/or connection/supportterminals 110′, 112′ and/or 110″, 112″. It should be appreciated thatany printed circuit board 136, 136′, 136″ mounted to their correspondingconnection/support terminals are mounted in such a manner that theconnection/support terminals provide all of the support for the printedcircuit board. That is, the printed circuit boards are mounted such thatthey are not supported by contact with any underlying structure otherthan the connection/support terminals.

It should further be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the artthat in the instance that multiple circuit boards 136, 136′, 136″ areemployed, such circuit boards should not be physically coupled togetheras such would defeat the purpose of the perpendicular to the primarystrain direction orientation of the support terminals. Nor should anyadditional terminal/support pins be provided in parallel line alignmentwith the alignment line of the pair of support terminals 110, 112, andcoupled to the same printed circuit board, although additional supportterminals may be placed along the same line with support terminals 110,112.

With brief reference to FIG. 5, there is generally illustrated a tire500 having a tread portion 510 and sidewall portions 520, 522. Inaccordance with present technology, 1-D tire mountable apparatus 100 ismounted laterally between sidewall portions 520, 522 in the centralportion of tire summit 530. As may be seen in FIG. 5, 1-D tire mountableapparatus 100 is mounted on the inner liner of tire 500 oriented suchthat the length dimension L extends in the direction of sidewalls 520,522, i.e., is aligned substantially laterally to the direction ofrotation of tire 500. It should be appreciated that in the presentcontext, phrases like “aligned substantially” in a particular directionis intended to signify that there may be as much as ±20° or ±10°variation in alignment from a perfect alignment in the directionsindicated and still fall with the scope of the present subject matteralthough there will be some reduction in durability at higherdeviations. In exemplary configurations, the length dimension may bechosen such that tire mountable apparatus 100 lies in the centralportion of the tire summit and extends over a significant portion ofthat area of a belted tire construction where the space separating thevarious belts is constant. Of course, as previously mentioned, tiremountable apparatus 100 may also be similarly mounted in a non-pneumaticwheel and tire Tweel®.

Based on the lateral orientation and the fact that the width dimensionis relatively insignificant at least with respect to any bending orgeneration of strain from variations based on the rolling direction ofthe tire, 1-D tire mountable apparatus 100 sees primarily a monotonicradius change based on the tire's transverse profile changes withrotation.

This later profile change concept may best be understood from a study ofFIGS. 3 and 4. FIG. 3 representatively illustrates, in overlay,representations for comparison of transverse profiles at top of rotationand center of contact patch of a representative tire in which thepresent technology may be employed and illustrates in phantom themounting orientation of tire mountable apparatus 100. FIG. 4representatively illustrates variations in the radius of curvature of anexemplary tire in which the present technology may be employed. Asgenerally represented in FIG. 3, for an exemplary normally inflated275/80R22.5 tire, the transverse radius of curvature or profile (p)changes from p˜500 mm with the tire at the top of its rotation top˜flat, i.e., a substantially infinite radius of curvature, at thecenter of the contact patch. Those of ordinary skill in the art willappreciate that the “contact patch” corresponds to the surface area ofthe tire in “contact” with the travel surface and that such surface issubstantially “flat” over a generally smooth surface.

FIG. 4, on the other hand, illustrates that the circumferential radiusof curvature (R) will vary between a substantially constant non-contactpatch area, i.e., a substantially un-deflected portion of the tire, anda significantly higher radius of curvature within the contact patchduring tire rotation and will produce two curvature peaks at entry andexit of the contact patch that increase with deflection. In accordancewith present technology, 1-D tire mountable apparatus 100, due to theselection of width and the lengthwise mounting orientation in a tire,sees primarily a monotonic radius change from, for example, about 500 mmto flat, thereby avoiding two deflection-dependent circumferentialpeaks.

Exposure to primarily a monotonic radius change is one of the featuresof the present technology that results in enhanced endurance of thesubject 1-D tire mountable apparatus. A second feature resulting from1-D width selection, when a piezoelectric generator/sensor is associatedwith the tire mountable apparatus, is the substantial elimination ofextraneous signal generation from longitudinal strain resulting frompassage of the piezoelectric device associated tire mountable apparatusthrough the entry and exit points to the tire contact patch. Suchinherent signal filtering contributes to greater accuracy of signalprocessing for the various uses to which such signals may be placedwithin any particular usage environment.

With attention directed now to FIG. 6 it will be seen that the width Wof the substrate portion of the tire mountable apparatus of the presentsubject matter may be selected by taking into consideration physicalparameters of a tire at rated inflation pressure and under no loadconditions. Such a tire is illustrated as tire 600 and has a uniformdiameter D. Tire 600 has a radius r extending from a central rotationalpoint 602 to the inner surface 608 of tire 600. Lines 604 and 606extending from the central rotational point 602 to inner surface 608establish an angle θ that, in accordance with technology is selected tobe 5°. Stated differently, the length of arc subtended along the innersurface 608 of tire 600 corresponds to 5° of rotation measured from line604 extending from the center of rotation 602 to the inner surface 608of the unloaded tire 600 when it is inflated to rated pressure. Thislength of arc established the width W of the substrate.

By selecting the width W of 1-D tire mountable apparatus 100 to benarrow enough to substantially avoid strain from entry into and exitfrom the contact patch area, a number of benefits are obtained. As aninitial benefit, strain on the 1-D tire mountable apparatus 100 per seis effectively limited to one direction thereby offering potential forprolonged life expectancy. In an exemplary configuration, for example inthe previously noted exemplary 275/80R22.5 tire, width W may be selectedto be less than about 30 mm. In any event, the width W should be limitedto a dimension fitting within a tire inner surface dimension asdescribed with relation to FIG. 6.

As previously referred to herein above, as tire 400, operating at ratedpressure and rated load, rotates in the direction of arrow 418, twotransition zones are created as the tire tread goes into and out ofcontact with the surface over which the tire is traveling. In the FIG. 4example, the contact patch exit portion is identified as a transitionportion or zone between lines 412, 414. A similar transition portion is,of course, formed at the entrance to the contact patch portion but hasnot been separately illustrated herein. As illustrated, the width W oftire mountable apparatus 100 is selected to fit entirely within thistransition portion or zone so as to substantially avoid flexing of tiremountable apparatus 100 during passage through the transition portion.This leads to a second benefit, which is that generation of extraneousvoltage signals from a mounted piezoelectric device from potentialbending in a second direction is minimized.

Finally, by reducing the overall width, a more stable mountingorientation for terminal/support elements 110, 112 arranged in a lineperpendicular to the primary strain direction is provided that reducesstrain on mechanical and electrical coupling to devices and/or printedcircuit boards as may be mounted thereon. In an exemplary configuration,the spacing between terminal posts 110, 112 may be selected to be lessthan about 18 mm.

With respect to overall length dimension determination, it will beappreciated from the previous discussion that the length L of 1-D tiremountable apparatus 100, that is, the lateral dimension with respect toa tire, should be minimized for endurance and maximized for energygeneration. By orienting the mountable apparatus length laterally in thesummit center, a structure is provided that very effectively increasesdevice endurance while providing a device that is insensitive to tiredeflection. As has been previously noted the length L may be chosen suchthat tire mountable apparatus 100 lies in the tire summit between theshoulders and may extend over a significant portion of that area of abelted tire construction where the space separating the various belts isconstant. In an exemplary configuration, the length L may be chosen tobe at least twice the width W. In an exemplary configuration, it hasbeen found experimentally that a 10× order of improvement to thedistance to fatigue crack onset may be obtained by selecting suchmounting orientation and length and width relationships.

With reference now to FIG. 7, there is illustrated a relationshipbetween the height H of optional elastomeric patch 108's mesa 106. Thegraph illustrates that the maximum width W_(max) in terms of degrees isrelated to the height H of the mesa as a linear function up to a maximummesa height H of 5 mm. In the instance that no elastomeric patch isemployed, that is the substrate is adhered directly to the inner linerof the tire, W_(max) is selected to be 1°. As the height H increases,W_(max) increases linearly to a maximum of 5°. Generally thisrelationship may be defined as W_(max)=(4/5)H+1 for 0<H≦5. In allcircumstances, however, the relationship L>W>H should be respected.Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the elastomericpatch, if present, provides a degree of isolation between the tire andthe mounted apparatus 100. In the case of a piezoelectricsensor/generator being included, an increasing height H will produce areduction in strain in the length L direction of the device. This, inturn, will produce less voltage generation from the piezoelectric devicebut will provide an increase in structural reliability so that a designbalance should be taken into consideration in selecting the mesa heightversus the length L whose selection determines the amount of voltagegenerated. In any event, the length L should not be so long as to causethe device to extend into the shoulder portion of the tire. The shoulderportion is understood to be that portion of the tire beyond the summitwhere the spacing of belt layers in a belted tire is no longersubstantially constant when moving from the central portion of thesummit toward the sidewalls.

While the present subject matter has been described in detail withrespect to specific embodiments thereof, it will be appreciated thatthose skilled in the art, upon attaining an understanding of theforegoing may readily produce alterations to, variations of, andequivalents to such embodiments. Accordingly, the scope of the presentdisclosure is by way of example rather than by way of limitation, andthe subject disclosure does not preclude inclusion of suchmodifications, variations and/or additions to the present subject matteras would be readily apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art.

1.-24. (canceled)
 25. A tire mountable apparatus, comprising: asubstrate having a first surface and a second surface, the first surfacehaving a length L and width W, the length L being at least twice thewidth W; and a pair of terminal/support elements extending from saidfirst surface, wherein said pair of terminal/support elements extendsfrom said first surface in a line 90°±10 to a line in the direction ofthe length L, and the line 90°±10° to the direction of length Lidentifies the direction of rotation of a supporting tire.
 26. The tiremountable apparatus of claim 25, wherein said pair of terminals extendsfrom said first surface in a line 90°±5° to a line in the direction ofthe length L, and the line 90°±5° to the direction of length Lidentifies the direction of rotation of a supporting tire.
 27. The tiremountable apparatus of claim 25, wherein said pair of terminals extendsfrom said first surface in a line 90°±2 to a line in the direction ofthe length L, and the line 90°±2° to the direction of length Lidentifies the direction of rotation of a supporting tire.
 28. The tiremountable apparatus of claim 25, further comprising: an elastomericpatch having a first surface and a second surface separated by a mesa,wherein said second surface of said substrate is adhered to said firstsurface of said elastomeric patch.
 29. The tire mountable apparatus ofclaim 28, wherein said mesa has a height H, wherein 0<H≦5 mm, andwherein L>W>H.
 30. The tire mountable apparatus of claim 28, furthercomprising: a layer of piezoelectric material having a top surface and abottom surface; a first conductive layer covering said top surface; anda second conductive layer covering said bottom surface; wherein saidpiezoelectric layer, said first and second conductive layers, and saidsubstrate form a sandwich structure, and wherein said sandwich structureis secured to the first surface of said elastomeric substrate.
 31. Thetire mountable apparatus of claim 28, wherein the substrate is FR4. 32.The tire mountable apparatus of claim 30, wherein the piezoelectricmaterial is lead zirconium titanate (PZT).
 33. The tire mountableapparatus of claim 30, wherein said first and second conductive layerscomprise copper layers.
 34. The tire mountable apparatus of claim 30,wherein a first terminal/support element of the pair of terminal/supportelements is electrically coupled to the first conductive layer and asecond terminal/support element of the pair of terminal/support elementsis electrically coupled to the second conductive layer.
 35. The tiremountable apparatus of claim 30, wherein said sandwich structure issecured to said upper surface of said elastomeric substrate with anadhesive.
 36. The tire mountable apparatus of claim 25, wherein saidpair of terminal/support elements are spaced apart a distance less thanabout 18 mm.
 37. The tire mountable apparatus of claim 25, wherein thewidth W is less than about 30 mm.
 38. The tire mountable apparatus ofclaim 25, further comprising a printed circuit board coupled to saidpair of terminal/support elements for support.